PED Prohibitions Are Unconstitutional So Long As Biological Men Are Allowed to Compete Athletically

Should transgender individuals play sports according to their biological gender or the gender with which they identify? That’s a devilishly difficult question The American Council on Science and Health, a pro-science consumer advocacy organization headquartered in New York City, asked in 2018. [CITATION INFRA]

There are many potential causes of gender dysphoria, the state of not being psychologically in sync with your biological body. Some of them are due to genetic conditions. Typically, people are born with two sex chromosomes (males are XY and females are XX), but some individuals are born with three. In Klinefelter syndrome — which may occur in as many as 150 male newborns per 100,000 — a male is born XXY, and the man will have lower levels of testosterone and other physical and mental abnormalities. Gender dysphoria has also been documented.

In Swyer syndrome, a person has the XY genotype, but the Y chromosome is damaged. (Specifically, there is a mutation in a gene called SRY.) Though the person is genetically male, he develops as a biological female, and the person will actually possess (nonfunctioning) female reproductive organs. Human hermaphrodites also exist, who possess both male and female sex tissues at birth.

These represent just a handful of potential causes of gender dysphoria. Regardless of the precise etiology, inevitably, some people with these or similar conditions will want to become athletes. So who should they compete with, men or women? https://www.acsh.org/news/2018/10/16/should-men-who-identify-women-compete-womens-sports-13518

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